Ter eetitolds



PAIGE & REYNOLDS.

Steam Heater.

No. 103,492. Patented May 24, I870.

tlinited ama peat dtiiilire.

JAMES W. PAIGE, OF ROCHESTER, AND DEXTER REYNOLDS, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No, 103,492, dated May 24, 1870.

\ BOILER son STEAM HEATERS.

The Schedule reten'edjo in these Letters Patent and making part ofthe same.

We, JAMES W. PAIGE, of the city of Rochester, county of Monroe and State of New York, and DEX- TER REYNOLDS, of the city of Albany, county of Al-. bany and State of New York, have invented a certain Improvement in Steam Heating-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.-

Our invention relates to that class of steam-generatois applicable solely to heating purposes, and consists mainly in a combination of a revolving generator with a circuit of radiating-pipe and suitable cocks and valves to operate the same, and in which the pressure is limited by the amount of water employed, and in working the same water is alternately converted into steam and condensed.

In the drawings--- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of our invention.

Figure 2 is a'vertical transverse section of the same.

Figure 3 is an elevation of another form of reservoir P and its connections.

A, fig. 1, is a hollow cylindrical vessel, with heads made of any metal or combination of metals, but preferably of rolled'iron, provided with hollow trunnions -B B','secnred to the heads, and extending through the brick-work Q, and supported outside of such brickwork on standards 0 0', provided with boxes or friction-rolleis D D, so that thecyliuder may revolve thereupon horizontally, or nearly so.

The brick-work Q incloses the cylinder as in a furnace, E being the grate, F the ash-pit below the grate, and V the flues,-taking off the products of combustion to the chimney.

The trunnions B B, at their outer-ends, are provided with stuffing-boxes H H, which revolve with the trunnions and cylinder.

Through the stnfling-boxes H H and trunnions B 13' passes a pipe, G, which is part of the circuit of pipe through which steam is passed to beat any building, space, or vessel of liquid desired.

The part of such pipe between the points g g, within the cylinder, has its upper half section, or more or less, removed and fitted with a plug at g, or other arrangement for closing the pipe G at 9', so as to form a gutter or trough between 9 and 9'. Beyond this division openings are made in the pipe G, to permit the passage of steam thereto, and its escape thereby, from the cylinder A. The gutter or trough thus formed may, if desired, have its bottom and sides pierced with holes,-for the more even or more speedy discharge vof water therefrom. I

After leaving the stuffing-box H a short distance, the pipe G is bent down and up, as shown in fig. 1, and at the bottom of the bend is fitted with an overflowvalve, K, designed not to regulate or control, but to limit the supplyof water introduced, to j list sufiicientl, when expanded into steam at the pressure at which this valve is set, to fill the pipe G throughout its whole extent, including the cylinder A and reservoir P, (which cylinder and reservoir form, in fact, part of the circuit of such pipe G,) excepting, however, the cubical contents of the pipe'G below the pointvwhcrc it enters the trunnion B, as this partof the pipe G is always filled with water.

The pipe G, at any point above the bottom of that part thereof which passes through the trunnion B, is provided with a reservoir, '1, which maybe fitted with a fnnnel-shaped mouth, S, through which water may be introduced, and the cockT thereto to be openedwhen it is desired to introduce water into G.

The cock '1" can be used when it is desired to supply water, while the pipe Gis filled with steam, by shuttin T and with Topen fillin the space betweenT g 7 i 7 g v and T, then closing T and openingT. v v

The valve T" on the pipe G permits the escape of air. As the amount of water required for use is small,

instead of the reservoir P thepipe .G may itself be enlarged, or a suflicicnt length used as such reservoir, and fitted with the necessary appliances.

The pipe G from G passeslthrough the material to be heated, and is then united at G".

The pipe G, just before entering the stufling-box H, is provided with a stop-cock, N, and after leaving the stufiing-box H, with a stop-cock, N, the former to permit or prevent the passage of water to, and the latter the passage of steam from the cylinder, andthe pipe G may be bent down with a branch just beyond the cock N, and such branch provided with a cock, M, to allow of the discharge of any condensed water flowing that way between the cock N and the material to be heated. i

A weighted diaphragm, X, may be placed, as in fi 1, at any point in the bend of G below the point whei c it enters the trunnion B, and so adjusted that, when the heat under the cylinderA is diminished, it will shut ofi and lessen the supply of water thereto,.thereby preventing the passage of water to the cylinder A faster than it can at once be converted into stean1,preventing an accumulation of water therein to affect injurionsly its economic working, and that, as the heat uuderthe cylinder is increased, it will permit a greater supply of water thereto, up to, but not beyond, a given desired pressure, at which point it. will again close and prevent the admission of an excess'of water, whereby the pressure would be increased. V As diminishing the extent of the circuit has the same eflect to increase the pressure within the cylinder A as to increase the water, leaving the extent of circuit thesame, it follows that, where the circuit-pipe G being steam, to maintain the pressure in the diminished circuit, would be discharged, and would have to be again supplied at S, to restore the same pressure for the circuit when enlarged.

The cylinder A may be revolved by clock-work and weights of springs, or any suitable means, other than by power derived from the generator itself, the object of such revolution being to heat the cylinder evenly on all sides, and prevent its being strained by unequal expansion and contraction.

In fig. 2 V is the doorfor the introduction of fuel, V the door to the ash-pit, Q the end of the arch over the cylinderv A, 1* the chimney, the other parts lettered as in fig. l.

The method of operating the apparatus will be as follows:

Take, for example, a pressure of thirty pounds steam to the inch, which, as the steam can be greatly superheated, will do any work required in heating, boiling, or evaporating as well as other boilers at one hundred pounds pressure. Set the diaphragm to close off the supply of water at thirty pounds pressure, and the overflow-valve to discharge at a little higher pressure, say forty-fire pounds, the reason for this excess having been explained when speaking of the diaphragm. Close the cocks M, N, and T, leaving open N and T; introduce at S water to the amount of, or, slightly in excess of one eight hundred and eighty-third part of the cubical contents of the circuit-pipe G, including the reservoir P and cylinder A, lessthat part of G in the bend below the point where it passes into the trunnion B, and, in addition, sufficient water to fill this bend. Set the cylinderA revolving, and start the fire under it, and, when it has become sufliciently heated, open the cooks T and N slightly, to allow the admission of water to the cylinder A, which, if sufiiciently heated, the water, as introduced, will be at once fiashed' into steam, and issuing from the cylinder by the pipe G, through the holes provided therefor beyond the plug or cut-oft" y, will pass through thecircuit, driving the air in the pipe G before it, which is allowed to escape by opening the valve T. The cocks N and T can then be opened wide, and the steam, as it passes through that part of G surrounded by the air orliquid to be heated, will be condensed, and the pipe G being properly arranged, the condensed water will flow back to the reservoir P, and from thence again to the cylinder'A,.where it will be reconverted into steam, and

pass on as before, to be again condensed. When it is desired to cease operations, the cooks N and N should be closed and M opened, and the fire slackened or put out.

It is well known that large numbers of boilers are now used to generate steam, not for motive-power, but simplyfor heating buildings, dry rooms, and for boiling or evaporating the liquids in salt-works, breweries, distilleries, sugar-refineries, &c., and the object of this invention is to replace such boilers, which are so liable to destructive explosions, by an apparatus absolutely proof against explosions, while, at the same time, more effective and more economical and simple in construction and working.

The principles on which this invention is based, and by which it is claimed these results are obtained, are- First, that a given amount of water, converted into steam, occupies at different pressures certain fixed spaces.

Second, that this steam can be superheated, away from the presence of water, to any degree of temperature, with comparatively but slight increase of pressure.

Third, that the nearer the water to be converted into steam is to 212, the more rapidly and economicallyv it can be converted into steam.

As where steam is used for motive power it must be allowed toescape, and as inithis invention it is proposed to allow none, or as little as possible, to escape, it follows that this apparatus cannot be used for metive power, but only for heating purposes.

We are aware that revolving boilers have been heretofore used for generating steam, and that such an apparatus has been patented by Thomas and Thomas H. Mitchell, in a patent dated May 21, 1867, and numbered 64,895. It will be observed, however, that we do not use or claim any part claimed by them, or any combination used or claimed by them, nor are their arrangements of any use in our invent-ion, the action of which is based on different principles. \Vc do not mean to claim or to confine ourselvesto any particular material for, or size, form, shape, or position of generator A, reservoir 1?, and pipe G, or the position, number, or character of the valves or cocks to be employed, where these can be varied to any extent and still produce the samev results; but

That we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A revolving generator, A, and reservoir I, or its equivalent, forming part of a circuit of pipe G and in connection therewith, and the necessary stop-cocks or valves, when constructed and adjusted to operate substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein set forth.

' JAS. W. PAIGE.

DEXTER REYNOLDS. Witnesses GHAUNCEY NAsH,

F. H. CLEMENT. 

